Compare and Contrast the ideas of the following famous sociologists. Make sure to include why these individuals were famous to Sociology and how there ideas differ from the other five.
(Auguste Comte, Harriet Martineau, Herbert Spencer, Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber)
Max Weber- Was a German sociologist and political economist who profoundly influenced social theory, social research and the discipline of sociology itself.
ReplyDeleteEmile Durkheim- Was France's first professor of sociology. Durkheim refined the positivism originally set forth by Auguste Comte, promoting epistemological realism. For him, sociology was the science of institutions, its aim being to discover structural social facts.
Karl Marx- Marx's theories about society, economics and politics, which are collectively known as Marxism, hold that all societies progress through the dialectic of class struggle. Under socialism, he argued that society would be governed by the working class in what he called the "dictatorship of the proletariat", the "workers state" or "workers' democracy".
Herbert Spencer- One of the main reasons that Herbert Spencer was important to sociology was because of his views and ideas about evolution. He said because we are part of a society and culture we are therefore part of nature.
Harriet Martineau- She wrote more than 50 books and is significant to the discipline of sociology.She believed an analysis of a society should be required to have an understanding of women's lives. Martineau changed sociological opinions on issues previously ignored, such as marriage, children, domestic and religious life, and race relations.
Auguste Comte- Comte was the founder of French positivism. He said that it was going to be the science that held all other sciences together.
Auguste Comte- Focused on social order and social change. He believed social statics hold society together, and argued that society changes through definite processes or social dynamics.
ReplyDeleteHarriet Martineau- Looked at topics like marriage, family, race relations, education, and religion. She believed that scholars should do more than study change within a society but be an advocate to change it. Martineau also spoke out for women's rights, religious tolerance, and the end of slavery.
Herbert Spencer- Focused on natural and social sciences, and adopted the biological model for society. Saw society as interdependent parts that work together to maintain the social system. Spencer was influenced by the ideas of Darwin, and felt that only the fittest societies would survive.
Karl Marx- Believed that the structure of society influenced by the economy's organization. According to Marx there were the capitalists and workers, and there was an inbalance of power between the two which caused conflict. It was this conflict that Marx believed caused change in the society (conflict theory).
Emile Durkheim- First to apply the method of science to study societies. Also believed a society was interdependent parts but that each had a function. This function was a consequence an element had on the society. Believed that shared beliefs and values held society together.
Max Weber- Looked at the separate groups in a society rather than it as a whole. Studied the effect the society had on an individual. Weber attempted to uncover people's feelings and thoughts with his ideas.
This is Masroor Q signed in under another account (there was no option to enter a name)
ReplyDeleteAugust Comte was known as the founder of the doctrine of positivism and is regarded as the first philosopher of science in the modern sense (dealing with other sciences besides social science). Positivism holds that the social processes occur in a predictable method and that a scientific approach should be used to uncover said social processes.
Harriet Martineau was a revolutionary sociologist; not only was she one of the first recognized female sociologists, she brought up issues that other sociologists had not yet bothered to confront, such as marriage, parenthood, religions and race--more sensitive issues as well as more feminist issues.
Herbert Spencer delved into both the science of evolution and the related social sciences therein--the evolution of society and how society and ethics change as man evolves.
Karl Marx is one of the most well known philosophers of whom Marxism is named after. He focused on communism and "socialism" in general, believing that society progressed through a struggle of classes, and that these classes were the key to understanding society, as well as that the working class was the base for a successful society and economy.
Émile Durkheim, also regarded as the father of sociology, expanded on the positivism of Auguste Comte, believing that sociology should focus on events and processes at large as opposed to individuals. Like others he believed that sociology was the science of institutions and social facts that governed how a society operated.
Max Weber, another "architect" and founder of modern sociology, believed that sociology was a science of the course of society and the effects of human behavior and social action at large. He deeply analyzed the difference between "social facts" and perspective/objectivity, noting which parts of society were functions and which were more variable, dependent on objectivity.
Auguste Comte is considered the founding father of sociology as was the first person to apply the methods of physical sciences to sociology. He was very interested in the forces that held society together which he thought were social dynamics and social statics. While he was proved wrong by later sociologists he still had the important role of start sociology as a legitimate science.
ReplyDeleteHarriet Martineau was another early sociologist who conducted several studies on subjects such as religion, education, race relations, family, and marriage. She believed that one should not just study society but actively work to change it. She also translated some of Comte's works allowing his methods to be introduced in England and America. She was also the first female sociologist.
Herbert Spencer was the first sociologist to apply Darwin's Theory of evolution to societies he argued that only the fittest and strongest societies would survive.
Karl Marx did not actually consider himself a sociologist but as a founder of Marxism he studied many different facets of society, but especially focused on the tensions and conflicts of various classes throughout history. He is considered to be the found of conflict theory.
Emile Durkheim was a French sociologist who interested in social order, particularly religion and how it related to social order. He believed that sociologists should only study facets of society that are directly observable. He also conducted the first true sociological study.
Max Weber focused on different groups of society rather then society as a whole. He argued that sociologists should not just study directly observable parts of society but also study thoughts and feelings.
Auguste Comte: Auguste Comte is commonly known as the founder of sociology, and the founder of a doctrine known as Positivism. Positivism are the philosophies of science which say the scientific method is the best way to uncover the how physical and human events occur.
ReplyDeleteHarriet Martineau: Harriet was an English theorist who was often called the first female sociologist. Harriet wrote more than 50 books, translated Auguste Comte's works, and was one of the first sociologist that looked at marriage, children, domestic and religious life, and race relations in the field of sociology.
Herbert Spencer: Herbert was an English philosopher, biologist, sociologist, and classical liberal political theorist. Herbert was one of the largest believers in the evolution which at the time was still unbelieved by many. He is also the man that made the term "Survival of the Fittest".
Karl Marx: Karl Marx was a German philosopher, sociologist, economic historian, journalist, and most significantly created the theory of Marxism. His ideas were written out in two of the most significant books of all time. The Communist Manifesto. His ideas became the main ideals of countries such as the USSR, China, and North Korea and still live on now in 2011.
Emile Durkheim: Emile Durkheim was a French sociologist best known for creating the principle architect of modern social science, and is also known as the father of sociology. Durkheim based many of his beliefs on the theory of Positivism created by Auguste Comte.
Max Weber: Max Weber was a German sociologist and political economist who influenced social theory, social research, and sociology. Weber was mostly concerned with rationalisation, secularization, and disenchantment that he attributed to capitalism.
August Comte was known as the founder of the doctrine of positivism and is regarded as the first philosopher of science in the modern sense (dealing with other sciences besides social science). Positivism holds that the social processes occur in a predictable method and that a scientific approach should be used to uncover said social processes.
ReplyDeleteHarriet Martineau: Harriet was an English theorist who was often called the first female sociologist. Harriet wrote more than 50 books, translated Auguste Comte's works, and was one of the first sociologist that looked at marriage, children, domestic and religious life, and race relations in the field of sociology.
Herbert Spencer delved into both the science of evolution and the related social sciences therein--the evolution of society and how society and ethics change as man evolves.
Karl Marx- Marx's theories about society, economics and politics, which are collectively known as Marxism, hold that all societies progress through the dialectic of class struggle. Under socialism, he argued that society would be governed by the working class in what he called the "dictatorship of the proletariat", the "workers state" or "workers' democracy".
Emile Durkheim- First to apply the method of science to study societies. Also believed a society was interdependent parts but that each had a function. This function was a consequence an element had on the society. Believed that shared beliefs and values held society together.
Max Weber- Looked at the separate groups in a society rather than it as a whole. Studied the effect the society had on an individual. Weber attempted to uncover people's feelings and thoughts with his ideas.